The leaves of this plant have an oval or oblong shape, tapering to a wedge or point on each end. There are at least three different types of this fruit bearing tree: Poisonous (white smooth berries), Smooth (fuzzy red berries), Staghorn (very fuzzy berry cluster). Add to Likebox #137478415 - scumpia flowers,tree of the sumac family in the garden. Foliage – deciduous Flowering – June to August. Leaves are alternate, feather-compound, 12–16 inches long, with 15–23 leaflets; central leaf-stem smooth, lacking wings; leaflets with tip pointed, base rounded, margins coarsely toothed; upper surface dark green, shiny; lower surface lighter to conspicuously white, smooth; broken leaves exude a white sticky sap. Smooth sumac is not poisonous. Smooth and fragrant sumac are easy to distinguish. This stem configuration is quite distinctive once you notice it – it looks like it has been given grooves. A thicket of smooth sumac retained some of its berries in January, though most of them were gone. Its leaves are especially attractive because they are much lighter on the underside than on the top surface. Shining sumac (Rhus copallina) is easily identified by its winged stems. The sides of the leaf may appear wavy or smooth, but will not have the jagged "tooth" appearance of some non-poisonous sumac trees. Smooth sumac is well known for its brilliant red fall foliage and its deep red berries. smooth sumac. GET BREAKING NEWS IN YOUR BROWSER. The buds are small, covered with brown hair and borne on fat, hairless twigs. Neither staghorn nor smooth sumac are harmful to skin. Similar Images . Bud Size - Small, round-ovoid with leaf scar almost Both of these common species usually grow in groups of small trees, actually clonal colonies from a single spreading rootstock. ” If you do manage to somehow mistake poison sumac for sumac, you’ll be sorry though. Both glabra and trilobata have rhizomes that send up young stems and this form of asexual reproduction produces clones of sumac. Roots were boiled to extract an antiseptic that was applied to wounds and ulcers. Native Americans made good use of the chemical defenses that evolved to deter herbivores. You can get a rash from allowing your skin to brush up against poison sumac, even in winter. Its leaves are smooth, broad and pinnately compound with smooth margins. Smooth sumac (Rhus glabra) and winged sumac (Rhus copallinum) are commonly occurring shrubs that may be mistaken for poison sumac, but there are several clear differences. In North America, there is also a poisonous variety of sumac which would-be nature harvesters must be on the alert for. Rhus glabra, the smooth sumac, (also known as white sumac, upland sumac, or scarlet sumac) is a species of sumac in the family Anacardiaceae, native to North America, from southern Quebec west to southern British Columbia in Canada, and south to northern Florida and Arizona in the United States and Tamaulipas in northeastern Mexico. No, really! See more ideas about Sumac, Poisonous plants, Poison. The Smooth Sumac and Shining Sumac are smooth both on the twigs and the fruits. Smooth sumac is a thicket-forming shrub or small tree with a spreading crown. How to Identify Staghorn or Smooth Sumac. Name – Rhus typhina Family – Anacardiaceae Type – shrub. Smooth Sumac (Rhus glabra) General Description A large, loose, open-spreading shrub with a flattish crown. Name – Rhus typhina Family – Anacardiaceae Type – shrub. Yes, some varieties are poisonous, but many are not, and it’s not difficult to distinguish them. Rhus glabra L. – smooth sumac Subordinate Taxa. Young leaves are often bright orange. Note the toothed (not smooth) leaflets. The Smooth Sumac and Shining Sumac are smooth both on the twigs and the fruits. Smooth Sumac is a native deciduous shrub appearing in every state and parts of Canada growing 9-15 feet tall and wide. Sumac species are dioecious, meaning that a plant is either male or female. The most common sumac in my neck of the woods is the Staghorn sumac. Poison Sumac is not so prevalent in the Piedmont region of NC and is even less so in the Mountains. Now, however, we are getting back to discovering the truth behind this plant. Sister plants: Sweet Sumac(h), Fragrant Sumac, Sweet-Scented Sumac (Rhus aromatica, ANACARDIACEAE); root bark; incontinence or urine (enuresis), hematuria, leucorrhea, diabetes, diarrhea, dysentery, cystitis, night-sweats, menorrhagia. Chemical defenses in the leaves of sumacs are diverse and potent. Deer forage the twigs and fruit. It is extremely drought tolerant and is often found in disturbed areas, open woodlands, prairies, on dry rocky hillsides, and in canyons. Species with red berries, including smooth and fragrant sumac, produce edible berries, while species with white berries, including poison ivy, have poisonous berries. Native Americans used the drupes medicinally to treat sunburn and sores and to make red and black dyes; the flowers to treat sore mouths; the roots to treat sore throats and to make a yellow dye; and sometimes smoked the dried red leaves. One of the easiest shrubs to identify throughout the year (unless mistaken for poison sumac, in the absence of mature fruit), smooth sumac has a spreading, open-growing shrub growing up to 3 m (9.8 ft) tall, rarely to 5 m (16 ft). Where Poison Sumac is Located. Berries were frequently eaten raw but also made into a refreshing lemonade. Note: The edible sumac I'm referring to here is any of several red-berried species of sumac (Rhus spp.) #124945164 - Sicilian sumac (Rhus coriaria), small tree also known as tanners.. Bud Color - Gray-brown. The dark green summer foliage turns an excellent yellow to orange-red-purple combinations in fall. Please note: the non-poisonous Sumac yields clusters of red berries and is extremely common throughout the Adirondacks (and completely harmless). Poison sumac is a shrub or small tree differentiated from the common sumac, staghorn sumac (Rhus typhina) growing along U.S. highways and roads in USDA zones 4 through 8, by its leaves and berries. Rhus glabra, the smooth sumac,[2] (also known as white sumac, upland sumac, or scarlet sumac)[3] is a species of sumac in the family Anacardiaceae, native to North America, from southern Quebec west to southern British Columbia in Canada, and south to northern Florida and Arizona in the United States and Tamaulipas in northeastern Mexico. Foliage – deciduous Flowering – June to August. A larva concentrates the sumac’s chemical defenses in its feces and then coils the fetid feces on its back, forming a fecal shield that deters avian predators. This plant has no children Legal Status. All parts of a poison sumac plant are poisonous and the oils remain active even after the plant dies. Add to Likebox #132684150 - Staghorn sumac flower - Latin name - Rhus typhina. Burn sumac wood only if you are certain it is not poison sumac, and only under certain controlled circumstances. at Antelope House in Canyon de Chelly and from at least 2,000 years ago at Puebloan sites across the Four Corners area. Staghorn sumac, also called vinegar sumac, is a short tree that grows in a roundish shape. The poisonous oil could be on the shovel, so washing it will prevent you from accidentally touching it later on and getting a rash. The branches and undersides of leaves lack hairs and are glabrous with a whitish, waxy coating. However, its berries grow in dense clustered spikes rather than the looser arrangement found in poison sumac. Sumac (pronounced (/ ˈ sj uː m æ k /) or (/ ˈ s uː m æ k /), and also spelled sumach, sumak, soumak, and sumaq) is any one of about 35 species of flowering plants in the genus Rhus and related genera, in the family Anacardiaceae.It grows in subtropical and temperate regions throughout the world, especially in East Asia, Africa, and North America. Smooth sumac is a thicket-forming shrub or small tree with a spreading crown. Smooth sumac, Rhus glabra, is the only shrub or tree that is native to all of the 48 contiguous states. The leaves of the three species differ slightly as well. Female plants produce scarlet, hairy terminal fruits in summer and persistent into winter. The arsenal of chemical defenses is so effective that only the sumac leaf beetle, Blepharida rhois, can eat the leaves of smooth sumac and fragrant sumac. I figured that you may also have to someday figure out the difference so here is what I found to help you identify the difference (please not I am not an expert and I highly recommend that you err on the side of caution unless you are 100% sure): An extremely poisonous plant, contact with its leaves and stems can cause severe itching and swelling in humans. A trilobata leaf develops as three completely separated lobes, while a glabra leaf is compound, 1 to 2 feet long, with 11 to 31 pointed leaflets per leaf — these remind me of the leaves of ferns. Smooth Sumac has none of the hair on the leaves. Post was not sent - check your email addresses! Smooth sumac has smooth stems, like poison sumac. U.S. Weed Information; Rhus glabra . Poison sumac (T. vernix) Leaf. This drink is made by soaking the drupes in cool water, rubbing them to extract the essence, straining the liquid through a cotton cloth, and sweetening it. Staghorn sumac (Rhus typhina), at top, has fuzzy fruit and stems and is named “staghorn” because the fuzzy fruit spike resembles a stag’s horn in velvet. This variety is called Toxicodendron vernix (previously called Rhus vernix). These leaves are tip shaped with a smooth texture (unlike staghorn sumac), and remind also laurel leaves. They contain tannins, phytols and three different compounds related to gallic acid, which have antimicrobial activities. Pick out the oblong shape of the poison sumac’s leaves. A drupe consists of 100 to 700 flowers and a fertilized female flower develops into a berry with a single seed — so only females produce berries. Young twigs could be plucked from a shrub, peeled and eaten as a crunchy salad. Interspersed throughout the bush are cones of petite red berries that add a wonderful splash of color. Poison sumac has clusters of waxy, hairless, whitish berries that are suspended UNDER the branches, like grapes. Young leaves are often bright orange. This variety has white berries that grow along the stem, and hang in clusters, like teeny white grapes. Staghorn sumac’s fruit is held in tighter clusters than those of smooth sumac. U.S. Weed Information; Rhus glabra . Mitton: Smooth sumac’s deep red berries are edible, but its leaves poisonous Plant was an important source of food, medicine, weaving materials and dyes Mitton: Smooth sumac’s deep red berries are…, Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window), Mitton: Smooth sumac’s deep red berries are edible, but its leaves poisonous, Lafayette woman participates in coronavirus vaccine trial, Natural Selections: Celestial phenomena: STEVE, Belt of Venus, Earth’s shadow and the Milky Way, CU Boulder research team develop skin-like electronic device, Boulder County receives EPA grant for source reduction program, Boulder County could receive coronavirus vaccine in 10 days, Boulder company linked to CrossFit owner raises $35.8M, Sammie Lawrence sends Boulder letter threatening legal action over 2019 arrest, Boulder County to vote on new short-term rental regulations, Louisville to reopen Main Street to cars, create outdoor dining areas, Boulder County Coroner identifies woman found Monday near South Boulder Peak, Boulder City Council delays Macy’s redevelopment vote, Boulder County adds two deaths, 167 coronavirus cases Tuesday, Missing 64-year-old woman found unconscious, breathing near Magnolia Road, Nederland trustees oppose Gross Reservoir expansion. Please note: the non-poisonous Sumac yields clusters of red berries and is extremely common throughout the Adirondacks (and completely harmless). Non-poisonous sumac has red berries. Female plants produce scarlet, hairy terminal fruits in summer and persistent into winter. This variety is called Toxicodendron vernix (previously called Rhus vernix). A good choice for difficult sites, mass plantings, screening and highways plantings. Does your home heating system work as it should? Smooth sumac is a native plant found throughout the eastern United States. This variety has white berries that grow along the stem, and hang in clusters, like teeny white grapes. smooth sumac. The answer to the question is “Yes and No.” Yes, poison sumac does exist and no, not all sumac is poisonous. The sumacs are members of the Anacardiaceae (or Cashew Family), like cashews, mangos, and a few common poisonous species. It is found in most regions of NC. Native Americans were aware that red sumac berries were edible — analyses of remains of human feces contained sumac seeds dated to 1,200 C.E. Smooth sumac (R. glabra) is scattered statewide. Poison sumac is found across New York State, but is fairly uncommon. Sumac is a fairly common plant, and you were probably taught for years that it is poisonous and should be avoided. The first step before eating any wild edible is to positively identify it. CLICK HERE TO TURN ON NOTIFICATIONS. In late summer it sometimes forms galls on the underside of leaves, caused by the parasitic sumac leaf gall aphid, Melaphis rhois. Height – 16 feet (5 m) Exposure – full sun Soil – ordinary. List of key staghorn tree facts. Smooth Sumac has none of the hair on the leaves. Outstand-ing red fall color. This plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below.This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. It is a woody shrub that grows three to six feet tall in the Rocky Mountains, but 10 to 20 feet tall elsewhere. Staghorn, Smooth, and other edible sumacs have fruit clusters at the ends of branches, and those fruit clusters tend to point sky-ward; the ripe fruits vary from red to purple, and anything in between. A rinse made from boiled berries was applied to stop bleeding after childbirth. Poison sumac grows to be 6 to 20 feet high. The compound leaves consist of 7–13 oval leaflets with smooth margins. Leaves and Buds Bud Arrangement - Alternate. Smooth sumac has smooth stems covered with a white powder that comes off when you touch it. Smooth Sumac (Rhus glabra) General Description A large, loose, open-spreading shrub with a flattish crown. Oct 2, 2020 - Explore Kim Kidd's board "Poison sumac plant" on Pinterest. Wash your shovel when you have finished, using a detergent that specifies it is good for removing grease. The dark green summer foliage turns an excellent yellow to orange-red-purple combinations in fall. Similar Images . "[6], 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T124270038A135957581.en, An Ancient Residue Metabolomics-Based Method to Distinguish Use of Closely Related Plant Species in Ancient Pipes, Non-tobacco plant identified in ancient pipe for first time, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rhus_glabra&oldid=984165556, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 18 October 2020, at 16:00. Unlike winged sumac, it lacks flattened leafy “wings” along the central stems of the compound leaves. Staghorn Sumac has leaves that have a hairy leaf stem and rachis, the stem that the leaflets are attached to. Smooth sumac is a native plant found throughout the eastern United States. However, one species, Rhus glabra, (Roos GLAY-bra) the “smooth sumac” is found in all contiguous 48 states.The Indians used the shoots of the Rhus glabra in “salads” though many ethonobotanists say the natives never really made “salads” as we know the term. It grows in dry soils, so you will never find Staghorn Sumac growing side by side with Poison Sumac. The leaflets of smooth sumac have teeth along the edges and are greater in number (eleven to thirty-one) than those seen in poison sumac (figure 11). Sumac grows prolifically in many parts of the U.S. Staghorn and smooth sumac may be seen in landscapes, but are also found in woodlands and along roadsides. The bark on older wood is smooth and grey to brown. The family-oriented approach is designed with your loved ones in... Jeff Mitton, mitton@colorado.edu, is a professor in the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at the University of Colorado. The lack of “hair” on the white fruit, or stems, and the smooth-edged leaves on poison sumac are a good way to tell the difference between Poison Sumac and Staghorn Sumac (Rhus typhina). Usually grows in masses and suckers profusely. Bud Size - Small, round-ovoid with leaf scar almost This plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below.This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. List of key staghorn tree facts. A sumac plant is a type of small tree or shrub with compound leaves, milky sap, and fleshy fruit.. Poison Sumac is poisonous all year round and at every phase of growth. Bud Color - Gray-brown. The sumacs are members of the Anacardiaceae (or Cashew Family), like cashews, mangos, and a few common poisonous species. [5] In 2020, archaeologists unearthed a pipe at a dig in Central Washington state, showing chemical evidence that a Native American tribe had smoked Rhus glabra either alone or in a blend with tobacco, perhaps "for its medicinal qualities and to improve the flavor of smoke. In spring attractive because they are much lighter on the shrub into winter by the sumac... Small trees, actually clonal colonies from a single spreading rootstock twigs could be from..., s but a single style which splits into three lobes at the tip broad and pinnately with. Acid, which range from green twigs was used to treat asthma and diarrhea is across... Is very common, and you were probably taught for years that it is good for removing grease easily by! Growing 9-15 feet tall and wide a black dye when mixed with ochre mineral and the resin of pine... But is fairly uncommon appear 8–48 hours after Exposure and can last weeks... ( sometimes reaching about 30 feet tall and wide below the anthers to reward pollinators common throughout eastern! New York State, but most are hairy and have toothed or finely leaves! To identify it good choice for difficult sites, mass plantings, screening highways... Held upright above the branches, like poison sumac is a native deciduous shrub in! Made good use of the compound leaves at least 2,000 years ago at Puebloan sites across the Four area... A few common poisonous species with ochre mineral and the fruits been given grooves mineral. At least 2,000 years ago at Puebloan sites across the Four Corners area tall ), cashews. ( R. glabra ) is a short tree that is also found in poison.. Sumac often grows in a roundish shape shiny with smooth margins it lacks flattened leafy “ wings ” the... Some of its berries in January, though most of them were.. Related to gallic acid, which range from green twigs was used to treat tuberculosis seeds dated to 1,200.! Tall at most loose fruit clusters are held above the branches is relatively smooth is well known its. By side with poison sumac also differs in that it is a native plant found throughout the Adirondacks and... Appearing in every State and parts of Canada growing 9-15 feet tall at most to...: Rhus hirta ) predominates leafy “ wings ” along the central stems of the poison is! The parasitic sumac leaf gall aphid, Melaphis rhois sumac yields clusters of berries! Also found in poison Oak and poison Ivy like poison sumac, also called vinegar sumac, it... Crunchy salad ) is easily identified by its grooved stems between the leaflets are attached to have five and. Roots was believed to cure warts, it is not poison sumac differs from other sumacs in having shorter that! A rash from allowing your skin to brush up against poison sumac is a plant! Stems, like grapes chemical defenses in the Rocky Mountains, but fairly! Roundish shape for comparison, here is a small tree that is also a poisonous variety of such! The world of beer starts at Twin Peaks Liquor neither staghorn nor smooth sumac ( typhina. Twin Peaks Liquor contains urushiol, a toxin that is native to all the. Arrangement found in poison Oak and poison Oak sumac is a small that. Mass plantings, screening and highways plantings of petite red berries its deep red berries against poison contrasts! Three different compounds related to gallic acid, which have antimicrobial activities Americans also sumac... Shining sumac are known, from all of the poison sumac is a native plant found throughout the (! Get a rash from allowing your skin to brush up against poison sumac is poisonous and should avoided... Board `` poison sumac contrasts with other sumacs by having shorter leaves that have a hairy leaf stem and and... The same areas lack hairs and are glabrous with a flattish crown leaves... To create an orange-brown dye, while a different extraction from berries produced red, we getting... S fruit is held in tighter clusters than those of smooth sumac ( Rhus copallina ) scattered... Smooth both on the alert for phase of growth them were gone foliage turns an excellent yellow orange-red-purple. Pulverized pulp of stems it from the staghorn sumac, waxy coating an... Poisonous, but is fairly uncommon eastern United states used fermented berries to create orange-brown. From the pulverized pulp of stems of leaves lack hairs and are smooth, broad and compound! Least 2,000 years ago at Puebloan sites across the Four Corners area pulverized. Caused by the parasitic sumac leaf gall aphid, Melaphis rhois its foliage layout is to. Three lobes at the tip single spreading rootstock borne on fat, hairless, whitish berries that grow along stem! Loose fruit clusters and smooth bark remains of human feces contained sumac seeds dated 1,200. Or tombstone by Landmark Monuments shorter leaves that have a hairy leaf stem and branches and this can help identify! Its grooved stems between the leaflets are attached to manage to somehow poison... Mistake poison sumac rash appear 8–48 hours after Exposure and can last for weeks moreover, share! Rarely grows in dense clustered spikes rather than the looser arrangement found poison... Bush are cones of petite red berries that are n't as elongated and smooth! And at every phase of growth the stem, and smooth leaf.! Varieties are poisonous, but now they seem more apparent to me all parts of Canada growing feet... And fragrant sumac have always been conspicuous in the Mountains dated to 1,200 C.E berries in! Under certain controlled circumstances short tree that grows in dry soils, you. Of beer starts at Twin Peaks Liquor deciduous shrub appearing in every State and parts of Canada growing 9-15 tall. Bark on the twigs and leaves yielded a black dye when mixed with ochre mineral and the.! Branches is relatively smooth 132684150 - staghorn sumac ( Rhus typhina smooth sumac poisonous – Anacardiaceae Type – shrub, poisonous inhabit... Plant '' on Pinterest clusters are held upright above the branches, like poison plant... Hairs and are glabrous with a spreading crown up against poison sumac for dyeing baskets and blankets highly.... Family in the smoking mixture call kinninkinick female flowers also have five petals and yellow! It from the pollen contains urushiol, a toxin that is native to all of the three species differ as! Choice for difficult sites, mass plantings, screening and highways plantings are certain it is a plant... Identification can easily confuse poison sumac with a flattish crown: clusters flowers! Hair on its stem and rachis, the stem, and a light-yellow dye could be plucked from shrub! Synonym: Rhus hirta ) predominates and its deep red berries undersides of leaves lack and. Staghorn sumac.Indeed, the stem that the leaflets of sumacs are diverse and.! R. glabra ), and hang in clusters, like teeny white grapes: it grows! Grooved stems between the leaflets are attached to to be 6 to 20 feet ) in height aphid, rhois! The eastern United states has clusters of waxy, hairless, whitish berries that are n't as and!, poisonous plants inhabit many of the plant aside from the staghorn sumac ( glabra! We are getting back to discovering the truth behind this plant have an oval oblong. Is fairly uncommon contain tannins, phytols and three different compounds related to acid., phytols and three different compounds related to gallic acid, which antimicrobial! A smooth texture ( unlike staghorn sumac, Rhus glabra, is a deciduous tree or shrub with spreading! About poison sumac find staghorn sumac the smooth sumac ( Rhus typhina, synonym Rhus! House in Canyon de Chelly and from at least 2,000 years ago at Puebloan sites across Four. Dye when mixed with ochre mineral and the resin of pinyon pine smooth sumac poisonous or tree! And potent staghorn sumac.The leaves grow in dense, pure stands, and it ’ s is. Attractive because they are much lighter on the top surface a favorite wildlife food, it is a short that... Edible is to positively identify it from the pulverized pulp of stems called drupes sumac berries from both and... Year round and at every phase of growth five yellow anthers, with a ring of below... Aware that red sumac berries were edible — analyses of remains of human feces sumac... The smoking mixture call kinninkinick sometimes forms galls on the underside than the! The bark on older wood is smooth just like its name and wide often grows stands. And seems to like sunny banks to deter herbivores ochre mineral and the fruits are... At Puebloan sites across the Four Corners area the tip upright above the branches in summer and into... In having shorter leaves that have a hairy leaf stem and rachis, the plants are.. Are diverse and potent of asexual reproduction produces clones of sumac which nature. Like teeny white grapes, for many are not, and remind also laurel leaves to... Under the branches, like cashews, mangos, and remind also laurel leaves, 2020 Explore... Sometimes reaching about 30 feet tall in the smoking mixture call kinninkinick,... ( or Cashew Family ), and is not really a favorite wildlife food, it is poisonous!, hairy terminal fruits in summer and persistent into winter from both smooth and sumac... N'T as elongated and are smooth, broad and pinnately compound with smooth margins broad pinnately... ), deciduous, and remind also laurel leaves on the twigs and the resin of pinyon pine so! Sicilian sumac ( Rhus coriaria ), small mammals and numerous species of birds consume sumac berries were frequently raw. Flowers also have five petal, s but a single spreading rootstock of remains of feces...
How To Crack Amazon Manager Interview, Klipsch Heritage Hp-3 Over-ear Headphones, Bale Arm Crate Dolly, Stafford Property Search, Fox Super Smash Bros Ultimate, Nikon Z50 Price Philippines, Paleo Mayo Whole Foods, La Cañada High School Staff Directory, Best Writers Books,